Over 60% of the energy from numerous primary sources globally is ultimately released into the atmosphere as heat. The effective recapture and reuse of this wasted thermal energy could significantly mitigate the greenhouse effect and contribute to achieving carbon neutrality goals. In this context, thermoelectric materials—innovative and environmentally friendly energy conversion materials—have emerged as particularly valuable. These materials can directly transform various forms of thermal energy into electricity and utilize the temperature differences generated by electric currents to manufacture precise temperature control or refrigeration equipment.

In buildings, the overreliance on air conditioning to achieve comfortable indoor temperatures results in significant power consumption and corresponding greenhouse gas emissions. As a viable technology to economize building energy consumption, the installation of smart windows that can block solar radiation and regulate indoor temperature is very important for the construction of zero-energy buildings. However, existing smart windows mainly change their optical properties through light, thermal, and electrical stimuli to achieve privacy protection as well as light and temperature regulation in confined spaces. Inevitably, this requires additional energy consumption from external stimulus signals to maintain their optical adjustment performance.

Spin space groups offer a comprehensive framework for understanding the intricate magnetic geometry of magnetic materials, extending beyond traditional crystallographic and magnetic group theories. Research in this area is crucial because it addresses the limitations of existing magnetic group theories, providing a deeper insight into the physical properties and behaviors of magnetically ordered materials. This advanced understanding is essential for developing innovative applications in solid-state physics, semiconductor science, and materials engineering.

Magnetism and superconductivity are generally considered to be mutually exclusive quantum states.

Deracemization stands as a promising, novel method for constructing chiral centers by selectively converting racemic mixtures into single enantiomers.

Symmetry represents the property of a system or physical law remaining unchanged under specific transformations, constituting a fundamental concept in modern physics.